Causes of 2012 flood disaster in nigeria pdf

The international red cross has mobilized hkd 2 million from its disaster relief emergency fund to support the nigerian red cross societys immediate relief activities. The paper emphasizes on preventionmitigation than post disaster measure. Lessons from nigeria and south africa olorunfemi, f. Recently, usman danfodio university, sokoto, and other parts of the country have been. The most horrifying nigeria floods happened in july 2012. Water may seem benign, but in huge quantities it can be an enormously destructive force. Perennial rains, blocked drainage systems and a faulty road network in lagos, nigeria leads to flooding that affects the lives of millions residing in africas largest metropolis.

More than 700,000 people were left homeless, while 250 died from floods that covered 1 million acres with 30 feet of water in 10 days. Institutional approach to flood disaster management in. Out of nigeria s 36 states, 32 have been affected by the floods. Nigeria is no exception as in 2012, it experienced an unprecedented flood disaster that affected half of the 36 states including kano, with 21 million people displaced.

The storm surge from superstorm sandy in 2012 was one of the most damaging effects of the hurricane, literally washing away homes, businesses and. The following are the major causes of floods in nigeria. Floods are the most common and recurring disaster in nigeria. Nigeria in 2012 is the countrys worst in living memory. Lagos is flooded perennially due to its lowlying coastal location. Ocha, 15 nov 2012 by january 20, the rivers were back at their usual water levels and further flooding was not expected in. For management purposes, nature of the flood hazard and the degree of flood risk for a specific site. A flood is a natural event that can have far reaching effects on people and the environment. Disaster risk reduction and local knowledge in floodprone. Nigeria declares national disaster after severe floods. Between july and october 2012, flooding in nigeria pushed rivers over their banks and submerged hundreds of thousands of acres of farmlands. Nigeria in 2012 witnessed flood disaster that surpassed all that happened in the past. An assesment of causes and effects of flood in nigeria article pdf available in scientific research and essays vol2 7.

The 2012 nigeria floods began in early july 2012, killed 363 people and displaced over 2. Flood hazard analysis and damage assessment of 2012 flood. Pdf causes and consequences of flooding in nigeria. In midjuly 2012, flooding in the ibadan metropolis caused some residents at challenge, okeayo, and eleyele to. The floods were termed as the worst in 40 years, and affected an estimated total of seven million people. The purpose of this paper is to assess the causes and severity of the floods, the aids to victims and the supply chains in six floodprone local government areas lgas of the metropolis comparatively. Attempts to tackle the hazard in nigeria appear to be limited by lack of flood data and other remote causes which are yet to be identified. Findings of this phase of study are aimed to be used as input to second phase when a broader framework of community impacts analysis conducted. On july 2 2012, there was a severe flood, which killed 35 people. National disaster management system of south africa 2. According to the national emergency management agency nema, 30 of. Based on the positive effects of the lagos model, the paper suggests that the federal and other state governments in nigeria to follow the footsteps of lagos state government by developing similar flood disaster management preparedness plans. In 2012, nigeria experienced the worst flooding in more than 40 years as a result of. Hence, they represent some of the greatest challenges to humankind in this.

Most parts of the central states of nigeria and other adjoining states along the river niger and benue are devastated by these floods causing huge destruction to. Over 3700 flood disasters globally are recorded in the emdat database. At least 20 per cent of the population is at risk from one form of flooding or another. Geospatial mapping and analysis of the 2012 flood disaster. Adeyanju 2008 stated that 90% of flooding in our locality is. Across the country, there are heaps of refuse and garbage dumped into water channels as well as the illegal structures that impede water ways. Responsepreparedness and disaster risk reduction in.

Most parts of the central states of nigeria and other adjoining states along the river niger and benue are devastated by these floods causing huge. When floods occur they bring with them numerous problems, ranging from the physical impact of water damage to the problems of disease and famine that can follow such disasters. Some of the worst flooding in recent memory happened five years ago in march 2012 when 32 of nigerias 36 states were affected, 24 severely. The study found that there are several causes of flood hazards. According to the national emergency management agency nema, 30 of nigeria s 36 states were affected by the floods. Pdf a serious flooding event in nigeria in 2012 with specific focus. The frequency and severity with which flood disasters occur is on the increase in many regions of the world figure, 1. And this brings us to the recent flooding experienced in some parts of nigeria as a result of heavy rainfalls that causes rivers niger and benue to overflow. Nigeria in the last quarter of 2012, held a meeting to discuss flood response. Almost 300,000 african americans were forced to live in refugee camps for months. He analyses the formal government position on drrm, in particular.

Nigeria postdisaster needs assessment 2012 floods gfdrr. Analysis of vulnerability to flood disaster in kano. A flood is caused by a combination of heavy rainfall causing river oceans to over flow their banks, and can. The 1927 mississippi river flood was the most destructive in u. Fme 2012, lagos is one of the few locations in nigeria. An overview of humanitarian relief supply chains for. The significance of the year 2012 flood disaster in nigeria lies in the fact that they were unprecedented in the past forty years. In nigeria, flood disaster has been perilous to people, communities and institutions. Chapter 4 flood risk assessment chapter overview any floodplain management program must be established on a sound technical and scientific basis in order to be effective, whether for flood loss reduction or to manage natural resources, or both. It identified spatial variations in flood hazard levels, spatial and economic impact of the 2012 flood disaster and the population exposed to different levels. Disaster description the 2012 rainy season in nigeria has been worse than earlier years, and heavy rains at the end of august and the beginning of september led to serious floods in most parts of.

Timeline of recent flood incidents in nigeria vanguard news. Its effectiveness depends on the level of preparedness and correct response. In nigeria, though not leading in terms of claiming lives, flood affects and displaces more people than any other disaster. Heavy rains washed the dam, which caused the flooding of the. Delineate and map the actual flood extent during the 2012 flood disasters in. A critical analysis revealed that many cases of flooding experienced in this country are caused by dam. This will enhance their ability to develop and speedily implement effective response and recovery measures.

Community participation approach to flood disaster. The nigerian disaster management system has evolved from the precolonial times when risk reduction and disaster resilience was embedded in religious practices to a more government structured system still having some of its original features. Legal framework prior to 1994, disaster management activities were governed by the. Impacts of flood disaster in agege local government area. A critical analysis revealed that many cases of flooding experienced in this country are caused by dam failure, e. Disaster risk and climate change are two threats to human wellbeing that reinforce each other. President goodluck jonathan last month called the floods a national disaster. Nwigwe and emberga, 2014 stated that, generally, causes of flood in nigeria could be as a result of natural cause or human cause. Lagos, nigeria cnn nigeria has declared a national disaster following severe floods that have left at least 100 people dead in several states across the country, officials say. Best practices on flood prevention, protection and mitigation 3 flood forecasting and warning is a prerequisite for successful mitigation of flood damage. During the meeting, the preliminary findings of the post flood needs assessment pdna was presented, highlighting needsgaps in access to safe water, food and education. Therefore the responsible authorities should provide timely and reliable flood warning, flood.

Impacts of flood disaster in agege local government area lagos, nigeria. Floods do not only damage properties and endanger the lives of human and animals but also produce other secondary effects like outbreak of diseases such as cholera and malaria as well. Introduction to disaster risk reduction 6 hazards, vulnerability domains and risks will also be discussed. Losses and damages caused by the floods were up to n2. The world health organization categorised the 2012 flood disaster in nigeria as the worst flood to have hit the country in the past 50 years. According to enugu state 2014, the floods began in early july and claimed about 363 lives, while displacing over 2,100,000 people as of november. Against this background, the paper documents incidence of flood, its causes and impacts on residents in agege local government area of lagos state nigeria. Disaster risk reduction and local knowledge in floodprone communities. Put simply, a flood is too much water in the wrong place.

This study exploits gis and remote sensing approach in flood management with the aim of identifying and mapping areas vulnerable to flood hazard and identify the extent of damage resulting from the 2012 flood disaster in anambra state. By 1856, the population was estimated at 60,000, rising to. Nigerias national emergency management agency nema. Why flooding in nigeria is an increasingly serious problem. Between july and october 2012, flooding in nigeria pushed rivers over their banks and submerged hundreds of thousands of acres of farmland. Pdf in march 2012, a serious flooding event had occurred in nigeria killing over 430 people and displacing about 566466 and causing inundation of. Empirical studies on the impacts of the disaster and humanitarian relief for the victims are scanty. Causes of flooding in nigeria and by extension owerri the capital city of imo state, nigeria are discussed. Floods do not only damage properties and endanger the lives of human and animals but also produce other secondary effects like outbreak of diseases such as cholera and malaria as. Nigeria floods displace two million, kill 363 bbc news. In 2012, nigeria experienced the worst flooding in more than 40 years.